Which cell aging theory claims that cessation of mitosis and cell aging are programmed into genes?

The genetic theory of aging suggests that the processes of aging and cell senescence—the cessation of cell division—are encoded within our genes. This theory posits that certain genes are responsible for regulating the life span of cells, leading to an eventual programmed aging process. According to this perspective, the genetic instructions can lead to cellular changes that limit proliferation, thus playing a crucial role in aging.

In contrast, other theories, like the telomere theory, focus specifically on telomeres and their shortening with each cell division, leading to cellular aging as the telomere length limits the number of times a cell can divide. While the telomere theory aligns with aspects of genetic programming, it is more focused on the mechanics of division rather than the broader idea that aging is predetermined by our genetic makeup. The wear and tear theory emphasizes the cumulative damage and stress cells experience over time, suggesting that aging results from environmental factors and physical wear, rather than being pre-programmed. Lastly, the environmental theory points to external factors—such as toxins and lifestyle—that affect aging but do not root the process in our genetic coding.

Thus, the genetic theory is distinct because it attributes the aging process to predetermined genetic factors rather than accumulated damage or environmental influences.