Which part of the cell is involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins?

The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in the cell by modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins that have been synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum. After proteins are synthesized, they are transported to the Golgi apparatus in vesicles. Once there, the Golgi apparatus processes these proteins through a series of modifications, which may include glycosylation (adding carbohydrate groups) and phosphorylation (adding phosphate groups). Following these modifications, the Golgi apparatus then sorts the proteins according to their final destinations, whether they are intended for secretion outside the cell, incorporation into the cell membrane, or delivery to lysosomes. This highly organized system ensures that proteins reach their correct locations to perform their intended functions in cellular processes.